{"id":26703,"date":"2022-02-09T04:51:07","date_gmt":"2022-02-09T03:51:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/?page_id=26703"},"modified":"2022-03-03T04:11:26","modified_gmt":"2022-03-03T03:11:26","slug":"ramana-maharshi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/personnalites\/ramana-maharshi\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e2mana Maharshi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;full-width&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221; padding_top=&#8221;15&#8243;][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ramana Maharshi est un j\u00f1\u0101na-yogin et guru indien de l&#8217;Advaita Ved\u0101nta, n\u00e9 le 30 d\u00e9cembre 1879 sous le nom de Venkataraman Aiyer et mort le 14 avril 1950. Son enseignement, dans la tradition de la non-dualit\u00e9, est essentiellement centr\u00e9 sur la notion du Soi et la question \u00ab Qui suis-je ? \u00bb. Il est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l&#8217;un des plus grands sages de l&#8217;Inde traditionnelle.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;full-width&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221; padding_top=&#8221;47&#8243;][vc_column width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Venkataraman est n\u00e9 \u00e0 Tiruchuli (en) pr\u00e8s de Madurai, dans le sud de l\u2019Inde, au Tamil Nadu en 1879. Son p\u00e8re \u00e9tait avocat, il meurt en 1892. Enfant, il apprend l\u2019anglais \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cole de missionnaires am\u00e9ricains. \u00c0 16 ans, en parfaite sant\u00e9, il est saisi d&#8217;une profonde peur morbide. S&#8217;allongeant sur le sol, il mime sa mort et l&#8217;\u00e9tat de cadavre. Le choc de cette exp\u00e9rience provoque une lib\u00e9ration et Ramana Maharshi se rend compte que la mort ne concerne que son corps :<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00ab Donc je suis Esprit transcendant le corps. Le corps meurt mais l&#8217;Esprit qui le transcende ne peut \u00eatre atteint par la mort. Cela signifie que je suis l&#8217;Esprit qui ne meurt pas. \u00bb<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Il entre alors dans une extase profonde \u00e0 travers l&#8217;immersion de l&#8217;\u00e2tman dans le brahman. Cette exp\u00e9rience mystique le transforme et lui fait comprendre la nature de la vie. Il se rend alors dans un temple \u00e0 Tiruvannamalai et restera presque immobile, pendant plus de 2 ans, dans un \u00e9tat de total d\u00e9tachement. On doit lui donner \u00e0 manger pour qu&#8217;il ne meure pas de faim.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En 1899, il se retire dans une grotte de la colline sacr\u00e9e d&#8217;Arunachala. En 1922, il s&#8217;installe dans l&#8217;ashram g\u00e9r\u00e9 par sa m\u00e8re puis son fr\u00e8re, et attire \u00e0 lui de nombreuses personnes en qu\u00eate spirituelle.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sa rencontre avec le pandit Ganapati Shastri marque le d\u00e9but de sa vie publique : apprenant que le nom du Swami \u00e9tait Venkataraman, il abr\u00e9gea celui-ci en \u00ab Ramana \u00bb et proclama que d\u00e9sormais le Brahmana Swami devait \u00eatre connu dans le monde entier sous le nom de \u00ab Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi \u00bb. Bhagavan signifiant \u00ab divin \u00bb et Maharshi \u00ab grand sage \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sa r\u00e9putation commen\u00e7a \u00e0 d\u00e9passer les fronti\u00e8res du pays et il est alors devenu, sans l&#8217;avoir voulu ni refus\u00e9, un ma\u00eetre spirituel pour de nombreux disciples.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Il est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 par certains, tels Jean Herbert et Alexandre Astier, comme un des plus grands sages de l&#8217;Inde du xxe si\u00e8cle. Les p\u00e8res Henri Le Saux et Jules Monchanin ont re\u00e7u le darshan de Ramana Maharshi en 1950, peu avant sa mort.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_separator type=&#8221;transparent&#8221; up=&#8221;10&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;26708&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; style=&#8221;vc_box_rounded&#8221; qode_css_animation=&#8221;element_from_left&#8221; transition_delay=&#8221;0.3&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;full-width&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221; padding_top=&#8221;47&#8243;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/3&#8243;][vc_separator type=&#8221;transparent&#8221; up=&#8221;10&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;26707&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; style=&#8221;vc_box_rounded&#8221; qode_css_animation=&#8221;element_from_left&#8221; transition_delay=&#8221;0.3&#8243;][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Enseignement<\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Il a tr\u00e8s peu \u00e9crit et certains de ses enseignements oraux bas\u00e9s principalement sur ses r\u00e9ponses aux questions qu&#8217;on lui posait ont \u00e9t\u00e9 retranscrits et publi\u00e9s. Il se mettait au niveau de celui qui posait la question et s&#8217;appuyait souvent sur divers textes sacr\u00e9s en les illustrant par des exemples de la vie courante.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00c0 des questions de visiteurs, il r\u00e9pond \u00ab Qui pose cette question ? \u00bb, afin de pousser le questionneur \u00e0 la m\u00e9ditation et de se d\u00e9faire de l&#8217;illusion de l&#8217;ego. Son enseignement est bas\u00e9 sur son exp\u00e9rience (de l&#8217;\u00e9veil et de sa propre r\u00e9alisation) et sur ses r\u00e9ponses \u00e0 des questionneurs, bien souvent des Occidentaux, en recherche de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 ultime d\u00e9\u00e7us par la religion : \u00ab L&#8217;enseignement de Ramana Maharshi est bas\u00e9 sur sa propre exp\u00e9rience et vise \u00e0 conduire le questionneur \u00e0 sa propre nature. \u00bb<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mais son v\u00e9ritable enseignement \u00e9tait silencieux. Comme il le disait lui-m\u00eame \u00ab Le silence est \u00e9ternelle \u00e9loquence. \u00bb En r\u00e9alit\u00e9 l&#8217;aura de paix qui \u00e9manait de lui \u00e9tait telle que sa simple pr\u00e9sence \u00e9tait suffisante.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Il mettait en garde contre la recherche de siddhi (pouvoirs surnaturels) pour son propre compte : \u00ab le Soi est ce qui vous est le plus intime, tandis que les siddhis vous sont \u00e9trangers. [&#8230;] Ils n&#8217;existent que dans le mental, ils ne sont pas naturels au Soi et ce qui n\u2019est pas naturel mais acquis ne peut pas \u00eatre permanent et ne vaut pas la peine que l\u2019on s\u2019efforce de l\u2019obtenir. [&#8230;] Si l\u2019on consid\u00e8re que les gens sont malheureux avec des facult\u00e9s de perception limit\u00e9es, alors on peut en conclure que leurs malheurs s\u2019accro\u00eetront proportionnellement \u00e0 l\u2019augmentation de celles-ci. Les siddhis n\u2019apporteront jamais de bonheur \u00e0 qui que ce soit. \u00bb N\u00e9anmoins des t\u00e9moignages rapportent qu&#8217;il manifestait lui-m\u00eame de tels pouvoirs : gu\u00e9risons, mat\u00e9rialisations, omniscience, etc.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jean Herbert d\u00e9crit ainsi son enseignement :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00ab Ce qui le rend particuli\u00e8rement int\u00e9ressant, ce n\u2019est pas sa qualit\u00e9 indiscutable de j\u00eevan-mukta, qu\u2019il partage avec bien d\u2019autres sages contemporains. [&#8230;] En plus de l\u2019immense profit spirituel que rapporte un s\u00e9jour, m\u00eame bref, aupr\u00e8s de lui, il donne \u00e0 ses h\u00f4tes une occasion inattendue et fort exceptionnelle de se plonger dans l\u2019Inde d\u2019il y a une vingtaine de si\u00e8cles. On voit, par un exemple vivant, authentique et r\u00e9el, comment \u00ab enseignaient \u00bb les rishis de l\u2019\u00e9poque upanishadique et aussi comment naissaient leurs \u0153uvres. Se contentant de \u00ab rayonner \u00bb dans le silence, ne paraissant la plupart du temps conscient de rien de ce qui se passe autour de lui, ne parlant le plus souvent que de sujets indiff\u00e9rents, [&#8230;] il passe ses journ\u00e9es dans une immobilit\u00e9 presque compl\u00e8te, \u00e9tendu sur un divan au pied duquel, en d\u00e9fil\u00e9 continu, disciples et admirateurs viennent se prosterner \u00e0 plat ventre et br\u00fbler de l\u2019encens. \u00bb<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Selon Swami Swarupananda Saraswati, l&#8217;actuel Shankaracharya de Dwarka et Jyothishpitha : \u00ab Bien qu\u2019il n\u2019y ait pas de diff\u00e9rence entre l\u2019exp\u00e9rience de Ramana Maharshi et celle d\u00e9crite dans les Upanishads, la voie de Ramana a ses caract\u00e9ristiques propres. [&#8230;] La voie de Ramana Maharshi est une voie rapide et directe qui ignore le verbiage. Toutes les autres m\u00e9thodes de r\u00e9alisation spirituelle trouvent un point de convergence et une place dans la voie de Ramana. \u00bb<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;full_width&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; padding_top=&#8221;47&#8243;][vc_column][vc_column_text]<br \/>\n<div class=\"ngg-galleria-parent nextgen_pro_horizontal_filmstrip\"\n     data-id=\"e837ca389df1523ecd6aebb9f71d8c5e\"\n     id=\"displayed_gallery_e837ca389df1523ecd6aebb9f71d8c5e\">\n\t<div class=\"ngg-galleria\"><\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"ngg-galleria-offscreen-seo-wrapper\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1\/nggallery\/ramana-maharshi\/ramana-maharshi-15.jpg\"\n     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media=''>\n<img title=\"R\u00e2mana Maharshi\" alt=\"R\u00e2mana Maharshi\" width=\"676\" height=\"1000\" style=\"max-width:676px;max-height:1000px\" src=\"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1\/nggallery\/ramana-maharshi\/ramana-maharshi.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1\/nggallery\/ramana-maharshi\/ramana-maharshi.jpg\" onerror=\"nggRetryFailedImage(this);\"\/>\n<\/picture>            <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css_animation=&#8221;&#8221; row_type=&#8221;row&#8221; use_row_as_full_screen_section=&#8221;no&#8221; type=&#8221;full_width&#8221; angled_section=&#8221;no&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; background_image_as_pattern=&#8221;without_pattern&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; padding_top=&#8221;47&#8243;][vc_column][vc_separator type=&#8221;transparent&#8221; down=&#8221;84&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>R\u00e2mana Maharshi est un j\u00f1\u0101na-yogin et guru indien de l&#8217;Advaita Ved\u0101nta, n\u00e9 le 30 d\u00e9cembre 1879 sous le nom de Venkataraman Aiyer et mort le 14 avril 1950. Son enseignement, dans la tradition de la non-dualit\u00e9, est essentiellement centr\u00e9 sur la notion du Soi et la question \u00ab Qui suis-je ? \u00bb. Il est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme l&#8217;un des plus grands sages de l&#8217;Inde traditionnelle.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26705,"parent":23409,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"tags":[9990,9420,9045,9416,9850],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/26703"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26703"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/26703\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26897,"href":"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/26703\/revisions\/26897"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23409"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26705"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26703"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.discoverypublisher.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26703"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}